Osmosis video - Respiratory: Tracheostomy suctioning

Tracheostomy suctioning is a procedure used to remove secretions from the trachea in individuals with a tracheostomy tube, which is a tube that is inserted through an incision in the neck and into the trachea to help a person breathe. Tracheostomy suctioning is most commonly used in patients who are on mechanical ventilation, as it helps to prevent the accumulation of secretions in the lungs, which can lead to infection and other complications.

Before assisting to this procedure, you have to understand your authorized duties and facility policy. Common supplies needed for this procedure include a mask and goggles or face shield; bath towels, cloth, or disposable paper drape; sterile cup; sterile water or saline; and sterile or regular gloves depending on the type of the catheter. Most importantly, don't forget a suction device, connecting tubing, and suction catheters.

For the procedure, the patient should be in a semi-Fowler or sitting position with a bath towel, cloth, or paper drape over their chest. Perform hand hygiene and apply clean gloves. Use a face shield or mask because suctioning can cause splashing. Finally, remove the gloves, face shield, or mask, and don't forget to perform hand hygiene after the procedure is done. Also, always ensure there is an extra sterile tracheostomy of the same size and an obturator in the patient's room in case it's needed. During and after the procedure, don't forget to report any abnormal observations to the licensed nurse.