Alkaptonuria
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Alkaptonuria
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Gallbladder carcinoma
Cirrhosis: Pathology review
Thyroglossal duct cyst
Anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system
Nervous system anatomy and physiology
Neuron action potential
Cerebral circulation
Blood brain barrier
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cranial nerves
Ascending and descending spinal tracts
Motor cortex
Pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts
Muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs
Spinal cord reflexes
Sensory receptor function
Somatosensory receptors
Somatosensory pathways
Sympathetic nervous system
Adrenergic receptors
Parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic receptors
Enteric nervous system
Hunger and satiety
Body temperature regulation (thermoregulation)
Cerebellum
Basal ganglia: Direct and indirect pathway of movement
Memory
Sleep
Consciousness
Learning
Stress
Language
Emotion
Attention
Glycolysis
Citric acid cycle
Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogen metabolism
Pentose phosphate pathway
Physiological changes during exercise
Amino acid metabolism
Nitrogen and urea cycle
Fatty acid synthesis
Fatty acid oxidation
Ketone body metabolism
Cholesterol metabolism
Essential fructosuria
Hereditary fructose intolerance
Galactosemia
Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
Lactose intolerance
Glycogen storage disease type I
Glycogen storage disease type II (NORD)
Glycogen storage disease type III
Glycogen storage disease type IV
Glycogen storage disease type V
Leukodystrophy
Metachromatic leukodystrophy (NORD)
Krabbe disease
Gaucher disease (NORD)
Niemann-Pick disease types A and B (NORD)
Niemann-Pick disease type C
Fabry disease (NORD)
Tay-Sachs disease (NORD)
Mucopolysaccharide storage disease type 1 (Hurler syndrome) (NORD)
Mucopolysaccharide storage disease type 2 (Hunter syndrome) (NORD)
Cystinosis
Hartnup disease
Alkaptonuria
Ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency
Phenylketonuria (NORD)
Cystinuria (NORD)
Homocystinuria
Maple syrup urine disease
Abetalipoproteinemia
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Hyperlipidemia
Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism: Pathology review
Disorders of fatty acid metabolism: Pathology review
Dyslipidemias: Pathology review
Glycogen storage disorders: Pathology review
Lysosomal storage disorders: Pathology review
Disorders of amino acid metabolism: Pathology review
Key Takeaways
Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited disorder in which a deficiency of an enzyme called homogentisate 1,2 dioxygenase - HGD, results in the accumulation of homogentisic acid in connective tissues. This build-up causes arthritis, increased risk for the formation of renal and gallbladder stones, and the risk of tendon and ligament ruptures. People with alkaptonuria can also present with vision and hearing problems, and have dark urine.