Cardiovascular changes during hemorrhage
Cardiovascular changes during hemorrhage
BFUN
BFUN
Anatomy of the inferior mediastinum
Bones and joints of the thoracic wall
Vessels and nerves of the thoracic wall
Anatomy of the pleura
Anatomy of the heart
Anatomy of the superior mediastinum
Introduction to the cardiovascular system
Muscles of the thoracic wall
Anatomy of the coronary circulation
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Kidneys, ureters and suprarenal glands
Cardiovascular system anatomy and physiology
Coronary circulation
Blood pressure, blood flow, and resistance
Compliance of blood vessels
Laminar flow and Reynolds number
Pressures in the cardiovascular system
Resistance to blood flow
Microcirculation and Starling forces
Measuring cardiac output (Fick principle)
Stroke volume, ejection fraction, and cardiac output
Cardiac contractility
Frank-Starling relationship
Cardiac preload
Cardiac afterload
Law of Laplace
Cardiac and vascular function curves
Altering cardiac and vascular function curves
Cardiac cycle
Pressure-volume loops
Changes in pressure-volume loops
Physiological changes during exercise
Cardiovascular changes during hemorrhage
Cardiovascular changes during postural change
Normal heart sounds
Abnormal heart sounds
Renal system anatomy and physiology
Respiratory system anatomy and physiology
Development of the cardiovascular system
Development of the renal system
Development of the respiratory system
Anatomy of the abdominal viscera: Innervation of the abdominal viscera
Adrenergic antagonists: Beta blockers
Sympatholytics: Alpha-2 agonists
Cholinomimetics: Direct agonists
Cholinomimetics: Indirect agonists (anticholinesterases)
Muscarinic antagonists
Adrenergic antagonists: Alpha blockers
Lymphatic system anatomy and physiology
Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Cardiac conduction velocity
Cardiac conduction system
ECG normal sinus rhythm
ECG basics
ECG intervals
Action potentials in pacemaker cells
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling
Phosphate, calcium and magnesium homeostasis
Antidiuretic hormone
Adrenergic receptors
Sympathetic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Cholinergic receptors
Anatomy clinical correlates: Heart
Anatomy clinical correlates: Mediastinum
Arteriole, venule and capillary histology
Artery and vein histology
Pharyngeal arches, pouches, and clefts
Anatomy of the nose and paranasal sinuses
Anatomy of the larynx and trachea
Nasal cavity and larynx histology
Kidney histology
Acid-base disturbances: Pathology review
Acid-base map and compensatory mechanisms
Buffering and Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
Physiologic pH and buffers
Plasma anion gap
Body fluid compartments
Movement of water between body compartments
Glomerular filtration
Measuring renal plasma flow and renal blood flow
Regulation of renal blood flow
Renal clearance
TF/Px ratio and TF/Pinulin
Potassium homeostasis
Sodium homeostasis
Proximal convoluted tubule
Distal convoluted tubule
Loop of Henle
Urea recycling
Anatomy of the lungs and tracheobronchial tree
Anatomy clinical correlates: Pleura and lungs
Bronchioles and alveoli histology
Trachea and bronchi histology
Apnea, hypoventilation and pulmonary hypertension: Pathology review
Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary hypertension
Alveolar gas equation
Breathing cycle
Diffusion-limited and perfusion-limited gas exchange
Reading a chest X-ray
Alveolar surface tension and surfactant
Combined pressure-volume curves for the lung and chest wall
Carbon dioxide transport in blood
Oxygen binding capacity and oxygen content
Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
Lung volumes and capacities
Anatomic and physiologic dead space
Regulation of pulmonary blood flow
Ventilation
Zones of pulmonary blood flow
Flashcards
Cardiovascular changes during hemorrhage
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Key Takeaways
The sudden loss of blood that occurs during hemorrhage causes the cardiovascular system to change in several ways. The perfusion to various organs becomes compromised, leading to different compensatory mechanisms by the body to restore appropriate perfusion. The most immediate change is that the heart rate will increase as the body tries to get more blood to the vital organs. The blood pressure will also decrease, leading to hypoperfusion of the tissues, which means that insufficient oxygen and nutrients are getting delivered to the cells. Hemorrhage can cause organ damage and even death due to hypovolemic shock.