Video - Myasthenia gravis
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Video Summary
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease, specifically a type II hypersensitivity disorder, which is characterized by autoantibodies against nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the surface of muscle cells.
The antibodies block the receptors which means the signal to contract isn't received. Those antibodies also activate the complement pathway which leads to muscle cell destruction.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe and may include drooping eyelids, difficulty speaking or swallowing, and muscle weakness in the arms and legs. Treatment involves immunosuppressive drugs like prednisolone, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors like neostigmine. The purpose is to reduce the immune system's attack on the muscle and to increase muscle strength.