Osmosis video - Respiratory: Collecting a sputum specimen

A sputum specimen is a sample of mucus and other secretions from deep within the respiratory tract that is coughed up by a patient and collected when a respiratory infection is suspected. It is used to diagnose and monitor lung infections such as pneumonia, tuberculosis (TB), and bronchitis.

Collecting a sputum specimen can be uncomfortable and somewhat embarrassing for patients. So, a healthcare provider needs to maintain patient comfort and privacy as much as possible. The procedure involves having the patient first rinse their mouth with water and then take a few deep breaths followed by forceful coughs directly into a specimen container, which you subsequently seal, label, place in a biohazard bag, and send to the laboratory. After the procedure, remember to report any unusual signs or symptoms to the nurse and document your observations.