Video - Skin histology

The skin is the largest organ of the body, and has many important functions in physiology. It protects the body from infections, helps in thermoregulation, and contains nerve receptors that detect pain, sensation, and pressure. The skin is composed of three main layers: the epidermis, the dermis, and the subcutaneous tissue.

The epidermis is the outermost layer and is composed mainly of keratinocytes, which produce the protein keratin that helps protect the skin from damage. The epidermis also contains melanocytes, which produce the pigment melanin that gives the skin its color, and Langerhans cells that play a role in the immune response.

The dermis is the layer beneath the epidermis and is composed of connective tissue, blood vessels, and various types of cells, which give the skin its strength and elasticity. The dermis also contains nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles. The third and deepest layer is called the hypodermis, and consists mainly of adipose and loose connective tissue that helps cushion and insulate the body. It also contains blood vessels and nerves that supply the skin and underlying tissues.