Osmosis video - Zika virus: Nursing

Zika virus is a mosquito-borne virus that is typically transmitted by the Aedes mosquito. It can also be transmitted through sexual contact and from mother to child during pregnancy. Most people infected with the Zika virus do not develop symptoms, but some may experience muscle and joint pain, headaches, conjunctivitis, rash, and red eyes. In rare cases, the virus can cause more severe complications, including Guillain-Barre syndrome and birth defects in babies born to infected mothers.

Diagnosis begins with the client's history and physical assessment and is confirmed by PCR testing and serology. Treatment usually just involves treating the symptoms, things like getting plenty of rest, drinking fluids to prevent dehydration, and taking medicine like acetaminophen to help reduce pain and fever. The goals of nursing care are to reduce fever and pain, prevent dehydration, and monitor for complications. Client and family education centers on preventing future infections, specific care for pregnant clients, self-care at home, and when to contact the healthcare provider.