Osmosis video - Pneumothorax

A pneumothorax refers to an abnormal collection of air or gas in the pleural space that causes a loss of negative pressure. Like pleural effusion (liquid buildup in that space), pneumothorax may interfere with normal breathing. Pneumothorax can either be traumatic, or spontaneous. Traumatic pneumothorax occurs due to an injury to the chest, such as a broken rib or puncture wound. On the other hand, spontaneous pneumothorax can happen without an apparent cause. It is commonly seen in patients with lung diseases such as COPD, cystic fibrosis, asthma, smokers, and people with Marfan syndrome. Symptoms of pneumothorax can include chest pain, shortness of breath, and difficulty breathing. The diagnosis is typically made with a chest X-ray or CT scan. Treatment for a pneumothorax may require a chest tube to remove the air or gas and re-expand the lung.