Video - Testicular cancer

Testicular cancers are malignant tumors that form in one or both testes. They usually present as a mass that's often detected in the early stages. Major types of testicular cancer include germ-cell testicular cancer and non-germ-cell testicular cancer. Germ cell testicular cancers come from germ cells that normally develop into sperm.

Their five main subtypes include seminomas, teratomas, yolk sac tumors or endodermal sinus tumors, choriocarcinoma or placental tissue tumors, and embryonal carcinomas. Non-germ cell testicular cancers come from the Sertoli cells or the Leydig cells which can secrete excess sex hormones. Risk factors for developing testicular cancer include cryptorchidism, Klinefelter syndrome, and in-utero exposure to pesticides and synthetic sex hormones. Treatment of testicular cancer involves surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.