Osmosis video - Tricyclic antidepressants

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are a class of medications used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, migraine, and chronic pain. They are named for their chemical structure, which includes three rings of atoms.

TCAs work by preventing serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake from the synaptic cleft, thus enhancing the effect of both neurotransmitters on postsynaptic neurons. Some common TCAs include amitriptyline, imipramine, and nortriptyline.

Common side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, dizziness, and drowsiness. TCAs can also cause more serious side effects, such as heart rhythm disturbances, seizures, and an increased risk of suicide, particularly in younger individuals.