Video - Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is a rare and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the adrenal glands fail and produce insufficient amounts of cortisol and other hormones. This condition is usually caused by an overwhelming bacterial infection, most commonly meningococcal septicemia, but it can also be caused by other bacterial infections.

The characteristic symptom of the syndrome is a petechial rash throughout the body, which can turn into large purpura over time. Another potential complication of this syndrome is an Addisonian crisis, which can cause sudden lower back, abdominal or leg pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and low blood pressure leading to loss of consciousness. Other symptoms include fever and chills, which can be a sign of sepsis.

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment with antibiotics to treat the underlying bacterial infection, as well as glucocorticoids to help support the person's blood pressure and metabolic needs. Other supportive care measures may also be necessary, such as IV fluids, oxygen therapy, and monitoring of vital signs.