Ovarian torsion

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Ovarian torsion

Reproductive system

Breast disorders

Fibrocystic breast changes
Mastitis

Complicated pregnancy

Cervical incompetence
Ectopic pregnancy
Gestational diabetes
Gestational hypertension
Gestational trophoblastic disease
Hyperemesis gravidarum
Intrauterine growth restriction
Miscarriage
Oligohydramnios
Placenta accreta
Placenta previa
Placental abruption
Polyhydramnios
Postpartum hemorrhage
Potter sequence
Preeclampsia & eclampsia
Preterm labor

Disorders of puberty, sex chromosomes, and sex hormones

Delayed puberty
Precocious puberty
5-alpha-reductase deficiency
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Kallmann syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome

Human sexuality

Erectile dysfunction
Female sexual interest and arousal disorder
Genito-pelvic pain and penetration disorder
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Orgasmic dysfunction

Menstrual disorders

Amenorrhea: Primary
Amenorrhea: Secondary

Neoplasms of the breast and reproductive tract

Breast cancer
Cervical cancer
Choriocarcinoma
Endometrial cancer
Endometrial hyperplasia
Intraductal papilloma
Krukenberg tumor
Ovarian germ cell tumors
Ovarian sex-cord stromal tumors
Ovarian surface epithelial tumors
Paget disease of the breast
Phyllodes tumor

Ovarian disorders

Ovarian cyst
Ovarian torsion
Polycystic ovary syndrome
Premature ovarian failure

Perinatal infections

Chorioamnionitis
Congenital cytomegalovirus (NORD)
Congenital rubella syndrome
Congenital syphilis
Congenital toxoplasmosis
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Neonatal herpes simplex
Neonatal meningitis
Neonatal sepsis

Sexually transmitted infections and pelvic inflammatory disease

Chlamydia trachomatis
Haemophilus ducreyi (Chancroid)
Herpes simplex virus
HIV (AIDS)
Human papillomavirus
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Treponema pallidum (Syphilis)
Trichomonas vaginalis
Urethritis

Teratogens

Fetal alcohol syndrome
Fetal hydantoin syndrome

Trauma

Physical and sexual abuse

Uterine disorders

Endometriosis
Endometritis
Uterine fibroid

Reproductive system pathology review

Amenorrhea: Pathology review
Benign breast conditions: Pathology review
Breast cancer: Pathology review
Cervical cancer: Pathology review
Complications during pregnancy: Pathology review
Congenital TORCH infections: Pathology review
Disorders of sex chromosomes: Pathology review
Disorders of sexual development and sex hormones: Pathology review
HIV and AIDS: Pathology review
Ovarian cysts and tumors: Pathology review
Sexually transmitted infections: Vaginitis and cervicitis: Pathology review
Sexually transmitted infections: Warts and ulcers: Pathology review
Uterine disorders: Pathology review
Vaginal and vulvar disorders: Pathology review

Key Takeaways

Ovarian torsion refers to the rotation of the ovary at its pedicle, to such a degree as to occlude the ovarian blood supply or drainage, which can potentially damage the ovary. Patients with ovarian torsion often present with sudden onset of sharp and usually unilateral lower abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

Ovarian torsion is a medical emergency and requires immediate treatment. It is typically diagnosed through a physical exam and imaging tests such as an ultrasound. Treatment may include surgery to untwist the ovary and restore its blood supply. In some cases, the ovary may need to be removed if it has been damaged due to ischemia.