Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

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Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

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Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

USMLE® Step 1 questions

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Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

Figure 1. Anterolateral view of the female reproductive organs within the pelvis, A. with the broad ligament and B. without the broad ligament. C. Posterior view and D. lateral view of a sagittal section showing the mesenteries comprising the broad ligament of the uterus.

Figure 2. Posterior view of a coronal section of the uterus and vagina.

Figure 3. Sagittal view of the pelvic organs and a close-up of the vagina and surrounding structures.

Figure 4. Diagrammatic view of the arterial supply and venous drainage of the female reproductive organs.

Figure 5. Drainage of the ovarian veins.

Unlabelled Diagrams

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USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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During anatomy lab, a student is dissecting a cadaver and identifies the female internal reproductive organs and several surrounding ligaments. One of these ligaments is found to contain the ovarian vessels. Which of the following is true regarding this ligament?

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Content Reviewers

Viviana Popa, MD,Kaitlin Marshall, M.Sc., B.Sc,Scott Caterine, BSc (Hons.), MSc, MB, BCh, BAO (Hons.)

Contributors

Jake Ryan,Alaina Mueller,Ursula Florjanczyk, MScBMC

The female reproductive system is made up of external and internal organs. The external organs lie in an area called the vulva, and they include the labia, the clitoris, and the vaginal opening. The internal reproductive organs can be found within the pelvic cavity, and they include the ovaries, which produce the female sex cells, called oocytes, as well as sex hormones estrogen and progesterone; the uterine tubes, which carry the fertilized oocyte to the uterine cavity; the uterus, which houses the growing fetus during pregnancy; and the vagina, which is involved both in intercourse and fetal delivery.

Now, the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus lie within the pelvis and are covered by a double sheet of peritoneum called the broad ligament. This extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral wall and floor of the pelvis. To visualize the broad ligament, imagine yourself standing with your arms outstretched holding a ball in each hand, your body is the uterus, your arms are the uterine tubes and the balls are the ovaries. Now, a sheet is draped over you and this sheet represents the peritoneum. You can see now how the broad ligament of the uterus is a double fold. Now the broad ligament has three mesenteries; the mesovarium which is associated with the ovaries, the mesosalpinx which covers the uterine tubes and mesometrium which covers the uterus.

Sources

"Gross Anatomy" Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (2004)

"Laparoscopic management of incarcerated broad ligament hernia in a patient with bilateral parametrium defects – a video vignette" Colorectal Disease (2020)

"Anatomy of female puberty: The clinical relevance of developmental changes in the reproductive system" Clinical Anatomy (2012)

"Williams Gynecology, Second Edition" McGraw Hill Professional (2012)

"Munro Kerr's Operative Obstetrics E-Book" Elsevier Health Sciences (2014)

"Blood and lymphatic vasculature in the ovary: development, function and disease" Human Reproduction Update (2013)

"The Oviduct and Ovarian Cancer" Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology (2012)

"ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE FALLOPIAN TUBE" Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology (1980)

"Anotherindex for Oxford Dictionary" Createspace Independent Publishing Platform (2018)

"Absence of Centrioles in the First and Second Meiotic Spindles of Mouse Oocytes" Journal of Cell Science (1972)

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Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

Videos

Notes

Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

Pelvis and perineum

Pelvis and perineum

Assessments

USMLE® Step 1 questions

Notes

Anatomy of the female reproductive organs of the pelvis

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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