Video - Sickle cell disease (NORD)

Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, in which the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin is misshapen, causing red blood cells to sickle when deoxygenated, which leads to their premature destruction as well as vaso-occlusion. Sickle-cell disease is associated with several acute and chronic health problems, such as severe infections, attacks of severe pain ("sickle-cell crisis"), stroke, and an increased risk of death.

Symptoms of sickle cell disease can vary and may include episodes of severe pain, fatigue, shortness of breath, anemia, and frequent infections. The severity and frequency of symptoms can vary widely among individuals with the condition, and some people may experience only mild symptoms, while others may have more severe and frequent episodes of pain and organ damage.

Treatment for sickle cell disease may involve pain management, blood transfusions, and antibiotics to prevent infections. In some cases, a bone marrow transplant may be necessary to cure the condition. Additionally, individuals with sickle cell disease may need to make lifestyle changes, such as avoiding extreme temperatures, staying hydrated, and managing stress, to help prevent and manage symptoms.