Osmosis video - Sympatholytics: Alpha-2 agonists

Alpha-2 agonists are a class of drugs that bind to alpha-2 adrenergic receptors and activate them, resulting in a range of physiological effects. Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists include clonidine, guanabenz, and guanfacine. These medications stimulate alpha-2 adrenergic receptors on the presynaptic neurons in the CNS, especially those in the medulla. This decreases the release of norepinephrine in the sympathetic neurons, which leads to lower blood pressure. Alpha-2 agonists are used to treat various conditions such as anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and pain. Common side effects associated with the use of alpha-2 agonists include dry mouth, constipation, headache, dizziness, drowsiness, and fatigue.