Osteopetrosis

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Osteopetrosis

MM2

MM2

Bones of the upper limb

Fascia, vessels and nerves of the upper limb

Anatomy of the brachial plexus

Anatomy of the arm

Vessels and nerves of the forearm

Anatomy of the sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints

Anatomy of the elbow joint

Joints of the wrist and hand

Anatomy of the axilla

Anatomy of the radioulnar joints

Anatomy of the glenohumeral joint

Muscles of the hand

Muscles of the forearm

Anatomy of the pectoral and scapular regions

Anatomy clinical correlates: Clavicle and shoulder

Anatomy clinical correlates: Arm, elbow and forearm

Anatomy clinical correlates: Median, ulnar and radial nerves

Anatomy clinical correlates: Axilla

Anatomy clinical correlates: Wrist and hand

Development of the limbs

Fibrous, cartilage, and synovial joints

Brachial plexus

Muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Cartilage histology

Rotator cuff tear

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Dislocated shoulder

Iliotibial band syndrome

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

Achilles tendon rupture

Compartment syndrome

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Cleidocranial dysplasia

Osteomalacia and rickets

Septic arthritis

Muscular dystrophy

Dermatomyositis

Inclusion body myopathy

Bone remodeling and repair

Cartilage structure and growth

Skeletal system anatomy and physiology

Neuromuscular junction and motor unit

Slow twitch and fast twitch muscle fibers

Muscle contraction

Sliding filament model of muscle contraction

Bones of the lower limb

Fascia, vessels and nerves of the lower limb

Anatomy of the anterior and medial thigh

Muscles of the gluteal region and posterior thigh

Vessels and nerves of the gluteal region and posterior thigh

Anatomy of the popliteal fossa

Anatomy of the leg

Anatomy of the foot

Anatomy of the hip joint

Anatomy of the knee joint

Anatomy of the tibiofibular joints

Joints of the ankle and foot

Osteoporosis medications

Age-related macular degeneration

Retinal detachment

Eye conditions: Retinal disorders: Pathology review

Pediatric orthopedic conditions: Clinical

Opioid agonists, mixed agonist-antagonists and partial agonists

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Radial head subluxation (Nursemaid elbow)

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Transient synovitis

Osgood-Schlatter disease (traction apophysitis)

Rotator cuff tear

Dislocated shoulder

Thoracic outlet syndrome

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Erb-Duchenne palsy

Klumpke paralysis

Iliotibial band syndrome

Anterior cruciate ligament injury

Patellar tendon rupture

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

Achilles tendon rupture

Spondylolisthesis

Degenerative disc disease

Spinal disc herniation

Compartment syndrome

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Craniosynostosis

Pectus excavatum

Cleidocranial dysplasia

Osteomalacia and rickets

Paget disease of bone

Lordosis, kyphosis, and scoliosis

Spinal stenosis

Rheumatoid arthritis

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (pseudogout)

Psoriatic arthritis

Ankylosing spondylitis

Reactive arthritis

Septic arthritis

Muscular dystrophy

Dermatomyositis

Inclusion body myopathy

Back pain: Pathology review

Muscular dystrophies and mitochondrial myopathies: Pathology review

Key Takeaways

Osteopetrosis, literally means "stone bone". It is an extremely rare genetic disorder whereby the bones harden and become denser. Despite this excess bone formation, people with osteopetrosis tend to have bones that are more brittle than normal.

People with osteopetrosis may present with impaired growth, frequent osteomyelitis (bone infections), vision and hearing impairment due to scleroses of skull bone and cranial nerve impingement or compressions, and neurological problems, such as weakness or numbness in the arms and legs. Treatment may include medications to increase bone density, surgery to remove bone, or to correct problems related to compression and neurovascular impingement.