Ulcerative colitis
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Ulcerative colitis
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Appendicitis: Pathology review
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Assessments
Ulcerative colitis
Flashcards
0 / 13 complete
USMLE® Step 1 questions
0 / 7 complete
High Yield Notes
8 pages
Flashcards
Ulcerative colitis
of complete
Questions
USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE
of complete
| Laboratory value | Results |
| Complete blood count | |
| Hemoglobin | 9.8 g/dL |
| Platelet count | 460,000/mm3 |
| Leukocyte count | 8,000/mm3 |
Plain radiographs show signs of sacroiliac joint inflammation. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient’s joint pain?
External References
First Aid
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
Arthritis p. 476
ulcerative colitis p. 391
Bloody diarrhea p. 176
ulcerative colitis p. 391
Digestion
ulcerative colitis and p. 391
Infliximab p. 120, 501
for ulcerative colitis p. 391
ulcerative colitis p. 725
p-ANCA
ulcerative colitis p. 391
Primary sclerosing cholangitis p. 404
ulcerative colitis p. 391
Sclerosing cholangitis p. 402, 404
ulcerative colitis association p. 391
6-mercaptopurine p. 448
for ulcerative colitis p. 391
ulcerative colitis p. 725
Ulcerative colitis p. 391
autoantibody p. 113
spondyloarthritis p. 479
sulfasalazine for p. 409
treatment p. 725
Transcript
Content Reviewers
Inflammatory bowel disease can cause inflammation in the small and large intestine, in other words...inflammation of the bowel.
Colitis refers specifically to inflammation in the colon, or the large intestine. Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that tends to form ulcers along the inner-surface or lumen of the large intestine, including both the colon and the rectum.
These ulcers are spots in the mucosa where the tissue has eroded away and left behind open sores or breaks in the membrane.
Sometimes there is a flare which means that new damage has occurred, and then there are periods of remission when the tissue starts to heal up.
Ulcerative colitis is actually the most common type of inflammatory bowel disease, not that there are that many, but this one causes inflammation and ulcers in the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine only, which is an important point that sets it apart from Crohn disease, another inflammatory bowel disease.
Now although certain environmental factors like diet and stress were once thought to be the culprit behind these ulcers forming in the gut, now it’s thought that these are more secondary, meaning they seem to make symptoms worse, but ulcerative colitis is now ultimately thought to be autoimmune in origin.
In fact, cytotoxic T cells from the immune system are often found in the epithelium lining the colon, so the thought is that inflammation and ulceration in the large intestine is caused by T cells destroying the cells lining the walls of the large intestine, leaving behind these eroded areas or ulcers.
Summary
Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation and ulcers in the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine, specifically in the colon and rectum. The cause of the disease is believed to be autoimmune in origin, with cytotoxic T cells destroying the cells lining the walls of the large intestine, leaving behind eroded areas or ulcers. Environmental stimuli and genetic predisposition also play a role. Diagnosis typically requires colonoscopy and radiological imaging. Treatment includes anti-inflammatory medications, drugs that suppress the immune system, and biologic treatments. In severe cases, colectomy may be necessary.
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