00:00 / 00:00
Endocrine system
Growth hormone and somatostatin
0 / 22 complete
0 / 3 complete
of complete
of complete
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
somatostatin analogs for p. 335
somatostatin for p. 362
somatostatin for p. 362
somatostatinomas of p. 357
somatostatin production p. 380
somatostatin and p. 380
somatostatinomas and p. 357
somatostatin for p. 364
somatostatin p. 343
somatostatin and p. 380
somatostatinomas and p. 357
somatostatin and p. 380
glucagon and p. 335
hypothalamic/pituitary drugs p. 364
hypothalamic-pituitary hormones p. 334
production of p. 337
regulatory substances p. 380
secretory cell locations p. 382
Growth hormone, also known as somatotropin, is a hormone which helps regulate the rate of growth in the body.
Secretion of growth hormone is dependent on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis.
The hypothalamus, which is a part of the brain, secretes growth hormone-releasing hormone into the hypophyseal portal system - which is a network of capillaries linking the hypothalamus to the anterior, or front part of the pituitary gland.
In the anterior pituitary, there are many different types of cells, each responsible for producing a type of hormone.
The growth hormone-releasing hormone binds to a surface protein on one of these cells, called somatotroph cells, and stimulates them to release of growth hormone.
Normally, growth hormone releasing hormone is released in a pulsatile manner, throughout the day and peaks one hour after you fall asleep, but it is also secreted in response to various forms of internal and external stimuli.
For example, the hypothalamus senses when there’s hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, and in response it secretes growth hormone releasing hormone.
Exercise causes the adrenal glands to secrete epinephrine and that stimulates the hypothalamus to secrete growth hormone releasing hormone as well.
Also, during puberty, increased levels of estrogen and testosterone stimulate the hypothalamus to release growth hormone releasing hormone, which is responsible for the growth spurt.
Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and regeneration. It is also known as somatotropin and is released by the anterior pituitary gland. Somatostatin is a peptide hormone produced by the hypothalamus. It inhibits the release of GH from the anterior pituitary gland and the secretion of insulin and glucagon from the pancreas, and also reduces gastrointestinal motility.
Copyright © 2023 Elsevier, its licensors, and contributors. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.
Cookies are used by this site.
USMLE® is a joint program of the Federation of State Medical Boards (FSMB) and the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME). COMLEX-USA® is a registered trademark of The National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners, Inc. NCLEX-RN® is a registered trademark of the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, Inc. Test names and other trademarks are the property of the respective trademark holders. None of the trademark holders are endorsed by nor affiliated with Osmosis or this website.