Cardiac tumors
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Cardiac tumors
Cardiovascular system
Cardiac arrhythmias
Atrioventricular block
Bundle branch block
Pulseless electrical activity
Atrial fibrillation
Atrial flutter
Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT)
Premature atrial contraction
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Brugada syndrome
Long QT syndrome and Torsade de pointes
Premature ventricular contraction
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia
Cardiac tumors
Cardiac tumors
Shock
Shock
Vascular disorders
Arterial disease
Aneurysms
Aortic dissection
Angina pectoris
Coronary steal syndrome
Myocardial infarction
Prinzmetal angina
Stable angina
Unstable angina
Abetalipoproteinemia
Familial hypercholesterolemia
Hyperlipidemia
Hypertriglyceridemia
Coarctation of the aorta
Conn syndrome
Cushing syndrome
Hypertension
Hypertensive emergency
Pheochromocytoma
Polycystic kidney disease
Renal artery stenosis
Hypotension
Orthostatic hypotension
Lymphangioma
Lymphedema
Peripheral artery disease
Subclavian steal syndrome
Nutcracker syndrome
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome
Angiosarcomas
Human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi sarcoma)
Vascular tumors
Behcet's disease
Kawasaki disease
Vasculitis
Chronic venous insufficiency
Deep vein thrombosis
Thrombophlebitis
Cardiovascular system pathology review
Acyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review
Atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis: Pathology review
Cardiac and vascular tumors: Pathology review
Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review
Coronary artery disease: Pathology review
Cyanotic congenital heart defects: Pathology review
Dyslipidemias: Pathology review
Endocarditis: Pathology review
Heart blocks: Pathology review
Heart failure: Pathology review
Hypertension: Pathology review
Pericardial disease: Pathology review
Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review
Shock: Pathology review
Supraventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Valvular heart disease: Pathology review
Vasculitis: Pathology review
Ventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review
Assessments
Cardiac tumors
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Cardiac tumors
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Pediatric patients
rhabdomyomas in p. 322
Rhabdomyomas p. 323
nomenclature for p. 225
tuberous sclerosis p. 543
Transcript
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Cardiac tumors are abnormal growths of cells that form a mass in the heart. If the cell growth has the potential to invade and spread to other tissues — a process called metastasis — it’s a malignant tumor, more commonly known as a cancer. If it is not able to invade other tissues, it’s referred to as a benign tumor.
Now, the vast majority of tumors of the heart are actually secondary, meaning that a tumor developed somewhere else in the body, metastasized, and spread to the heart.
Even though these secondary tumors can come from anywhere, they’re most commonly metastases from lung cancer, lymphoma or lymphatic system cancer, breast cancer, leukemia or blood cell cancer, melanoma or skin cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma or liver cancer, and colon cancer, in this order. Cancer most commonly metastasizes through the lymphatic system to the pericardium, the membrane around the heart. When the pericardium is involved, it often leads to pericarditis, or inflammation of the pericardium, and pericardial effusion, an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial cavity. Metastases to the myocardium are less common, but arise more commonly when cancer spreads via the blood.
Primary cardiac tumors, on the other hand, are actually extremely rare. The most common type of primary tumors in adults — when they do happen — are myxomas. Myxomas are benign tumors that arise from the mesenchymal connective tissue inside the heart, as opposed to the actual myocytes, or heart cells, because the heart of an adult is fully developed and its cells, or myocytes, are permanent and don’t proliferate.
These masses are gelatinous in consistency, as a result of an abundance of ground substance on histology, and pedunculated, meaning attached to a peduncle, or a stalk of tissue.
Sources
- "Robbins Basic Pathology" Elsevier (2017)
- "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Twentieth Edition (Vol.1 & Vol.2)" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine 8E" McGraw-Hill Education / Medical (2018)
- "Cardiac Tumors" Deutsches Ärzteblatt international (2014)
- "Cardiac Tumors: Clinical Perspective and Therapeutic Considerations" Current Drug Targets (2017)
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