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Megaloblastic anemia

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Megaloblastic anemia

SBL Exam 1

SBL Exam 1

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
Anemia of chronic disease
Alpha-thalassemia
Beta-thalassemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Hereditary spherocytosis
Sickle cell disease (NORD)
Fanconi anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Folate (Vitamin B9) deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Diamond-Blackfan anemia
Hemophilia
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome
Von Willebrand disease
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Hodgkin lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Chronic leukemia
Acute leukemia
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Langerhans cell histiocytosis
Multiple myeloma
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Microcytic anemia: Pathology review
Non-hemolytic normocytic anemia: Pathology review
Plasma cell disorders: Pathology review
Leukemias: Pathology review
Lymphomas: Pathology review
Myeloproliferative disorders: Pathology review

Key Takeaways

Megaloblastic anemia is a type of anemia caused by deficiencies in folic acid (folate) or vitamin B12. Folic acid and vitamin B12 are essential for DNA synthesis, and thus the production of healthy red blood cells. Megaloblastic anemia is characterized by large, nucleated red blood cell precursors which don't divide and produce more red blood cells as normal precursor cells do. Symptoms include fatigue, shortness of breath, and pale skin.

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Flashcards

Megaloblastic anemia

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Questions

USMLE® Step 1 style questions USMLE

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A 35-year-old woman presents to her provider’s office for evaluation of fatigue and exercise intolerance that began two months ago. Past medical history is notable for Crohn disease diagnosed eight-years ago. She is taking mesalamine but reports frequent “flare-ups.” The patient consumes 3-4 glasses of wine per week. Her temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F), blood pressure is 123/76 mmHg, pulse is 75/min, and respiratory rate is 12/min. The patient has conjunctival pallor. Cardiac, pulmonary, and abdominal examinations are non-contributory. Neurological examination reveals decreased proprioception and vibratory sensation in the lower extremities. Complete blood count reveals a hemoglobin of 8.8 g/dL (reference range: 12-16 g/dL) and a mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 115 µm3 (reference range: 80-100 µm3). Which of the following findings would be most likely present in this patient?