Antibiotics - Antimycobacterials: Nursing Pharmacology
Notes
ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS, PART 1/5 | |||
DRUG NAME | isoniazid (INH) | ethambutol (EMB): Myambutol | rifapentine (RPT): Priftin |
CLASS | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (first line) | ||
MECHANISM of ACTION | Inhibition of the synthesis of cell wall components | Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | |
INDICATIONS | Tuberculosis | ||
ROUTE(S) of ADMINISTRATION | PO; IM | PO IV (rifampin) | |
SIDE EFFECTS |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS and CAUTIONS |
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ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS, PART 2/5 | |||
DRUG NAME | rifampin (RIF): Rifadin | pyrazinamide (PZA) | streptomycin (SM) |
CLASS | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (first line) | ||
MECHANISM of ACTION | Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | Inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis (not fully understood) | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal level |
INDICATIONS | Tuberculosis | ||
ROUTE(S) of ADMINISTRATION | PO IV (rifampin) | IM, IV | |
SIDE EFFECTS |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS and CAUTIONS |
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ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS, PART 3/5 | |||
DRUG NAME | dapsone | bedaquiline: Sirturo | capreomycin: Capastat Sulfate |
CLASS | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (first line) | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (second line) | |
MECHANISM of ACTION | Inhibits of folic acid pathway in bacteria | Inhibits bacterial ATP synthesis | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal level |
INDICATIONS | Leprosy | Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis | |
ROUTE(S) of ADMINISTRATION | PO | IV, IM | |
SIDE EFFECTS |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS and CAUTIONS |
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ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS, PART 4/5 | |||
DRUG NAME | cycloserine: Seromycin | ethionamide: Trecator | rifabutin: Mycobutin |
CLASS | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (second line) | ||
MECHANISM of ACTION | Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis | Inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase | |
INDICATIONS | Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis | Mycobacterium avium Complex | |
ROUTE(S) of ADMINISTRATION | PO | ||
SIDE EFFECTS |
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CONTRA-INDICATIONS and CAUTIONS |
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ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS, PART 5/5 | ||
DRUG NAME | amikacin: Amikin | aminosalicylic acid |
CLASS | Antimycobacterial antibiotics (second line) | |
MECHANISM of ACTION | Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis at the ribosomal level | Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis |
INDICATIONS | Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis | |
ROUTE(S) of ADMINISTRATION | IV; IM, INH (amikin) PO (aminosalicylic acid) | |
SIDE EFFECTS |
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CONTRAINDICATIONS and CAUTIONS | Renal impairment |
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS FOR ANTIBIOTICS: ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS | ||
ASSESSMENT and MONITORING | isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol treatment regimen | |
Monitoring
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CLIENT EDUCATION |
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Sources
- "Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) (Mycobacterium Avium-Intracellulare [MAI])" (2019)
- "Ethambutol: An overview" (2021)
- "Rifamycins (rifampin, rifabutin, rifapentine)" (2021)
- "Capreomycin" (2018)
- "TUBERCULOSIS MEDICATION DRUG AND FOOD INTERACTIONS" (2010)
- "Mosby's 2021 Nursing Drug Reference" Mosby (2020)
- "Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Examination" Saunders (2016)
- "Focus on Nursing Pharmacology" LWW (2019)
- "Pharmacology" Elsevier Health Sciences (2014)
- "Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care" Saunders (2018)