Hemorrhoid

Hemorrhoid

Semiomed 2

Semiomed 2

Endocarditis: Pathology review

Mitral valve disease

Aortic valve disease

Tricuspid valve disease

Pulmonary valve disease

Valvular heart disease: Pathology review

Atrial septal defect

Ventricular septal defect

Tetralogy of Fallot

Coarctation of the aorta

Supraventricular arrhythmias: Pathology review

Atrial fibrillation

Ventricular fibrillation

Ventricular tachycardia

Long QT syndrome and Torsade de pointes

Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome

Atrioventricular block

Bundle branch block

Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease)

Angina pectoris

ECG cardiac infarction and ischemia

Unstable angina

Prinzmetal angina

Myocardial infarction

Cardiomyopathies: Pathology review

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy

Pericarditis and pericardial effusion

Recurrent pericarditis (NORD)

Pericardial disease: Pathology review

Cardiac tamponade

Hypertension: Pathology review

Heart failure: Pathology review

Aortic dissections and aneurysms: Pathology review

Aortic dissection

Coronary artery disease: Pathology review

Buerger disease: Year of the Zebra

Peripheral artery disease: Pathology review

Raynaud phenomenon

Deep vein thrombosis

Chronic venous insufficiency

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Esophageal cancer: Year of the Zebra

Achalasia: Year of the Zebra

Esophageal disorders: Pathology review

Esophageal cancer

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome

Malabsorption syndromes: Pathology review

Ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory bowel disease: Pathology review

Colorectal cancer

Colorectal polyps and cancer: Pathology review

Diverticulosis and diverticulitis

Irritable bowel syndrome

Small bowel ischemia and infarction

Bowel obstruction

Portal hypertension

Cirrhosis: Pathology review

Primary biliary cholangitis

Jaundice: Pathology review

Alcohol-associated liver disease

Ascending cholangitis

Acute cholecystitis

Chronic cholecystitis

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

Acute pancreatitis

Chronic pancreatitis

Pancreatitis: Pathology review

Pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus: Pathology review

Nephritic syndromes: Pathology review

Nephrotic syndromes: Pathology review

Acute pyelonephritis

Chronic pyelonephritis

Alport syndrome

Fabry disease (NORD)

Diabetic nephropathy

Membranous nephropathy

Polycystic kidney disease

Renal failure: Pathology review

Chronic kidney disease

Key Takeaways

Hemorrhoids are inflamed and swollen veins in the rectum or anus. They may be caused by straining during a bowel movement, pregnancy, childbirth, or obesity. They can also be a result of prolonged sitting or standing. Symptoms include pain, itching, and bleeding.