Hepatic encephalopathy
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Hepatic encephalopathy
Gastrointestinal system
Congenital disorders
Disorders of the liver and biliary system
Acute cholecystitis
Ascending cholangitis
Biliary colic
Chronic cholecystitis
Gallstone ileus
Gallstones
Alcohol-associated liver disease
Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency
Budd-Chiari syndrome
Cholestatic liver disease
Cirrhosis
Crigler-Najjar syndrome
Dubin-Johnson syndrome
Gilbert's syndrome
Hemochromatosis
Hepatic encephalopathy
Viral hepatitis
Jaundice
Neonatal hepatitis
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Portal hypertension
Primary biliary cholangitis
Primary sclerosing cholangitis
Reye syndrome
Rotor syndrome
Wilson disease
Disorders of the oral cavity, salivary glands, and esophagus
Achalasia
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Diffuse esophageal spasm
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Mallory-Weiss syndrome
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Zenker diverticulum
Aphthous ulcers
Dental abscess
Dental caries disease
Gingivitis and periodontitis
Ludwig angina
Oral candidiasis
Parotitis
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Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
Disorders of the pancreas
Disorders of the peritoneal cavity
Disorders of the stomach, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus
Anal fissure
Anal fistula
Hemorrhoid
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Bowel obstruction
Diverticulosis and diverticulitis
Gallstone ileus
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Hirschsprung disease
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Juvenile polyposis syndrome
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Gastric cancer
Traumatic and mechanical disorders
Gastrointestinal system pathology review
Congenital gastrointestinal disorders: Pathology review
Cirrhosis: Pathology review
Gallbladder disorders: Pathology review
Jaundice: Pathology review
Esophageal disorders: Pathology review
Nasal, oral and pharyngeal diseases: Pathology review
Pancreatitis: Pathology review
Appendicitis: Pathology review
Diverticular disease: Pathology review
GERD, peptic ulcers, gastritis, and stomach cancer: Pathology review
Malabsorption syndromes: Pathology review
Inflammatory bowel disease: Pathology review
Viral hepatitis: Pathology review
Colorectal polyps and cancer: Pathology review
Neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal system: Pathology review
Gastrointestinal bleeding: Pathology review
Key Takeaways
Hepatic encephalopathy is a neurological disorder that results from liver failure. The leading cause of hepatic encephalopathy is a buildup of toxins in the blood that are normally removed by the liver. These toxins include ammonia and other chemicals produced by gut bacteria. When the liver fails, these toxins build up in the blood and can poison the brain. Hepatic encephalopathy can cause changes in behavior, confusion, problems with coordination, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to coma or death.