Nocturnal enuresis

Nocturnal enuresis or nighttime urinary incontinence is involuntary urination while asleep, after the age at which bladder control usually occurs, typically above 5 years old. Nocturnal enuresis is considered primary when a child has not yet had a prolonged period of being dry. Secondary nocturnal enuresis is when a child or adult begins wetting again after having stayed dry. The most common cause is a neurological-developmental delay. Other causes include low ADH levels, infections, and psychological issues.

Treatment for nocturnal enuresis may involve a combination of approaches, such as behavior modification techniques, medication, and lifestyle changes. Behavioral interventions may include setting a schedule for using the bathroom before bed, limiting fluid intake in the evening, and using an alarm to wake the child when they start to wet the bed. Medications such as desmopressin and imipramine may be used to help control bedwetting.